Which functions are considered inherently governmental and cannot be contracted out?

The functions considered inherently governmental are those that involve the exercise of sovereign authority, which typically includes activities vital for national security and the direct provision of government services. Among these, combat operations direction and financial oversight are primary examples.

Combat operations direction entails making strategic decisions that affect national defense and military engagements, which fundamentally require accountability directly to the public and oversight by government entities. Handing over this responsibility to private contractors could compromise the integrity of military operations and the nation's security. Similarly, financial oversight, particularly in the context of the government's budgeting and financial management processes, is an essential function that ensures proper stewardship of public funds, demands transparency, and maintains public trust. These functions are critical to the execution of government responsibilities and cannot be conducted by private entities without risking essential governmental control and accountability.

Other choices involve functions that, while important, do not fall under the definition of inherently governmental. Logistical support, personnel management, construction project management, and training can often be supported or fully executed by contractors without infringing upon the governmental authority necessary for maintaining national security or public trust.